Home/Technologies/mmWave Radar
TechnologySensing people who are carrying nothing.
Millimetre-wave radar detects presence, count, motion and even breathing without a tag, a wearable or a camera. It is the only one of our three technologies that asks nothing of the person being sensed.
Radar small enough to put in a ceiling tile.
Millimetre-wave radar sends a frequency ramp — a chirp — and listens for the echo. Because the transmitted frequency is still climbing when the echo returns, mixing the two produces a beat tone whose frequency is proportional to distance. Comparing phase across successive chirps gives velocity. Comparing phase across an antenna array gives angle.
At 60 GHz and 77 GHz the wavelength is a few millimetres, which is why a sensor with useful angular resolution fits in a package the size of a matchbox. The same physics that made automotive radar cheap has made indoor sensing practical.
Chirp, echo, beat.
More than presence.
- Presence and occupancy — is anyone in this zone, including someone sitting completely still, which is where infrared occupancy sensors famously fail.
- People counting — how many, and roughly where, without identifying any of them.
- Motion and gait — direction, speed, and the difference between walking, sitting down, and falling.
- Fall detection — a fall has a distinctive signature in height and velocity that a radar can be trained to recognise, without depending on anyone having remembered a pendant.
- Micro-motion — chest movement from breathing is detectable at close range, which is how radar distinguishes a person from a coat over a chair.
- Gesture — small hand movements at short range, for controls that must work with gloves or wet hands.
It cannot see a face, because it cannot form one.
This is not a policy commitment that could be reversed in a firmware update; it is a property of the sensor. What comes out is a handful of reflection points with range, angle and velocity. No image is formed at any stage, and nothing in the output resembles a person to a human eye.
We put that carefully, because the honest claim is strong enough without overstating it. Radar cannot identify someone the way a camera does. It is not a guarantee that a point cloud carries no personal information at all — gait, for instance, is a signature, and research continues in that direction. What we will say is that the sensor produces nothing that could be mistaken for footage, and that what it stores is a matter of design rather than of restraint.
That distinction is what makes radar deployable in places a camera cannot go: a ward bay, a bathroom, a changing area, a bedroom in assisted living. It is also, in our experience, the difference between a building-occupancy project that staff accept and one they quietly sabotage.
Use it when nobody should have to carry anything.
- Use mmWave when the subjects are people you cannot tag — patients, shoppers, visitors, residents, the public.
- Use mmWave when a camera would be unacceptable but the question is still about people.
- Use mmWave when conditions defeat optical sensing: darkness, dust, steam, glare.
- Use mmWave when you want to start small. One sensor over one room is a real pilot, installed in an afternoon, with no infrastructure commitment.
- Do not use mmWave when you need to know which person or which asset. It has no idea, and that is by design.
- Do not use mmWave when the space is crowded. Angular resolution decides how close two people can stand and still be counted as two; a sparse office is easy, a queue is not.
- Do not use mmWave when coverage has to follow a complicated floor plan. Cost scales with rooms rather than area, so a warren of small spaces gets expensive quickly.
Start with a site, not a specification.
Send us the space, what moves in it, and the accuracy the decision actually needs. We will tell you which of the three technologies fits, which does not, and what a first deployment would involve.